1 Kings 20:34

Authorized King James Version

And Ben-hadad said unto him, The cities, which my father took from thy father, I will restore; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria. Then said Ahab, I will send thee away with this covenant. So he made a covenant with him, and sent him away.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
And Benhadad said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלָ֡יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
הֶֽעָרִ֣ים
unto him The cities
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#4
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
לָֽקַח
took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#6
אָבִי֙
H1
as my father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#7
מֵאֵ֨ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
אָבִי֙
H1
as my father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#9
אָשִׁ֗יב
I will restore
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#10
וְ֠חֻצוֹת
streets
properly, separate by a wall, i.e., outside, outdoors
#11
שָׂ֤ם
and thou shalt make
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#12
לְךָ֤
H0
#13
בְדַמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙
for thee in Damascus
damascus, a city of syria
#14
כַּֽאֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#15
שָׂ֤ם
and thou shalt make
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#16
אָבִי֙
H1
as my father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#17
בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן
in Samaria
shomeron, a place in palestine
#18
וַֽאֲנִ֖י
i
#19
בְרִ֖ית
a covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#20
וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ׃
Then said Ahab I will send thee away
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#21
וַיִּכְרָת
So he made
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#22
ל֥וֹ
H0
#23
בְרִ֖ית
a covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#24
וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ׃
Then said Ahab I will send thee away
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to 1 Kings. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show treaty language and adoption practices from the ancient world, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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